The "Ad hoc Epidemic Prevention Hospital" is a temporary medical building that can be used for a long time

The Ad hoc Epidemic Prevention Hospital is located in a park on Mincheng Road, Minhang District, Shanghai. With a total construction area of 750.5 m2, the project consists of the isolation ward area(24 beds), the work area of medical staff, and auxiliary functional areas for power, water, ventilation and oxygen supply. The project takes isolation negative pressure ward as the core module and treatment, office, clean, ventilation, and energy as the auxiliary modules. Based on the research and development of module generality, temporary epidemic prevention and rescue hospitals of different sizes with long service time can be constructed through the rapid combination of modules. Human history is always accompanied by various viruses. SARS, MERS, COVID-19 and other unpredictable outbreaks of highly infectious viruses severely threaten the survival and normal social life of mankind. Since the scale, time, and place of such outbreaks cannot be predicted, a temporary medical building that can be used for a long time is of great necessity. Such buildings should possess the following characteristics: easy for storage and transportation, suitable for the treatment of infectious diseases, applicable for multiple sites, and environmental-friendly. Equally important, adjustable building scale, time-saving construction and demolition, and low requirement for construction personnel are also indispensable characteristics of these buildings. The project compresses various architectural components into a module based on the prototype of a 20-foot international standard container (6.06*2.44*2.59m, with a total area of 14.79 m2) through a series of design methods such as integration, separation, movement, replacement, opening and closing, deformation, expansion, lift, and rotation. After deformation and expansion, the module covers an area of 76.15 m2. It is equipped with negative pressure ventilation, sufficient daylight, separate channels for the infected and medical staff, buffer area, toilets, and 2 standard isolation wards with 4 beds. Its space design meets the design specifications and requirements of hospitals for infectious diseases. Moreover, integrated module design is made for power, water, drainage, and ventilation to cope with the impact of building deformation on electricity, water, ventilation and other equipment. Only lamps, display screens, and simple medical equipment are to be connected and installed on site. Full consideration has been attached to the psychological comfort of patients and medical staff in this project. A large number of reflective materials are employed on the facade of the building to reduce the possible visual and psychological impact of the hospital building on people through its mapping to the surrounding environment. To increase the affinity of the hospital, the main colors of the building are green and yellow, which are similar to daily household appliances. This hospital is suitable for most relatively flat and solid sites. Without the destruction of the site due to the laying of the building foundation and pipeline, it only takes 2 workers 3 hours to complete the assembly of a module (including equipment and facilities). Since the installation of each building component is carried out in strict sequence, even less skilled workers can carry out construction with some simple training. In addition, although the lifting of the module requires the use of a light crane, the module can be unfurled and dismantled with common tools and simple scaffolds. The project also offers two options for the post-pandemic disposal of the building: one is to take it down and store it for future use; and the other is to give it new uses and functions on site, such as hotels, bars and cafes.